Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of 5 Cases of TAPVC in Infants

Abstract

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment methods of supra cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in infants aged less than 1 year old.

Methods: To retrospectively analyse the clinical data of 5 cases of supra cardiac TAPCV in infants admitted to Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital (3) and The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University (2) from October 2019 to October 2023.

Results: The 5 cases were all infants less than 1 year old, with clinical manifestations of shortness of breath or recurrent pneumonia episodes. The 5 cases were examined by cardiac ultrasonography or CTA after examination by the first physician, and all of them were diagnosed with TAPVC (supra-cardiac type) and arterial ductus arteriosus or ventricular septal defects. The 5 cases underwent a TAPCV correction with a limited period of multidisciplinary consultation (MDT) before surgery, and all made good postoperative recovery.

Conclusion: Parents should be alert to the possibility of congenital heart disease in newborns with shortness of breath, foaming or recurrent pneumonia in infancy. The prognosis of infants with TAPVC is often poor, and the mortality rate is substantially increased due to the untimely diagnosis of preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO). Precise prenatal examination, professional education on children's prevalent heart diseases, excellent surgical skills and postoperative intensive cardiological care for children are important for making early diagnosis and treatment of supra cardiac TAPVC in infants and for improving the postoperative survival rate of children with TAPCV in infants.